CLIMATE RESILIENCE

How do we adapt to climate change with Decision Support Systems for flood resilience in Asia?

Written by Ismail Weiliang and Dr Suresh Babu Parasuraman, Director of Kalingu Consultancy, Singapore

20 JUNE 2022

3 MINS READ


ISMAIL WEILIANG

The Climatebender

DR SURESH BABU PARASURAMAN

Independent Water Resources Consultant

Views are entirely ours

and not connected to any company

We need to adapt to climate change now

The climate crisis is a water crisis with 74% of natural disasters related to water in the past 20 years [UNICEF, 2022]. Stakeholders around the world are looking into flood resilient infrastructures with adaptation schemes to deal with increased flood risk in their cities. They are looking at sustainable and efficient solutions with longer time horizons up to 2100.

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Quick Take:

  • The climate crisis is a water crisis.

Seeing the Unseen. Acting with Conviction

Flood management plans often involve complex schemes that require sophisticated computing systems to evaluate the different schemes upfront at desktop level and narrow down to optimal and feasible plans for implementation at ground. This includes monitoring and evaluating the water systems and linking the modelling software in real-time to get current and future trends. This involves an ocean of data points and data streams where data is everywhere but insights are not.


This is where Decision Support Systems (DSS) comes in handy to handle the data in an integrated way, turning them into “what if” insights for stakeholders to choose their "decisions" with conviction.


DSS has the below primary characteristics:

  • It helps decision-makers at different levels of the organization;
  • It is flexible and responds quickly to current situation (real-time monitoring) as wells as predicts future situations (forecasting and warning);
  • It provides "what if" scenarios to evaluate the current situations vs climate change adaptation and mitigation plans;
  • It considers the specific requirements of the decision-makers;
  • More importantly, now-a-days with the high computing powers, Artificial intelligence (AI)-Machine Learning (ML) concepts, it acquires knowledge from growing dataset, interactive and easy to use.

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Quick Take:

  • Data is everywhere but insights are not.

  • Decision Support Systems turns data into insights for “what if” scenarios.

  • AI-ML concepts provide more powerful insights and enable faster decisions.

Impacting Progress in Asia

Vietnam

An example from Vietnam is the "Development of the DSS for Sesan and Srepok (2S) River Basins (Mekong)" between 2018-2020 delivered by Dr Suresh Babu, as an international consultant. Funded by the World Bank, the project is to provide a DSS system for the river basin for operations, management and planning. The DSS included flood forecasting and warning systems, reservoir operational systems, sediment modelling and water resources planning models. The models include: (i) Rainfall runoff model (NAM, SWAT); (ii) hydraulic model (MIKE 11); (iii) water distribution model (MIKE BASIN); (iv) General Operational Model – Support Tools (MIKE OPERATION).

DSS Basin Plan Concept [AIRBM, 2016]

River Basins [Journal of Hydrology, 2016]

India

An example from India is the “Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin”. Funded by ADB and delivered by Dr Suresh Babu, as an international consultant, the project improves the distribution of water for irrigation in the Cauvery Delta and protects coastal districts from cyclones and flooding. This includes the development of a DSS. The DSS enabled more effective water allocation planning and asset management. Flood risks and flood events are managed by installing flood forecasting and warning systems and connected to DSS.

Thailand

An example from Bangkok is the DSS for Flood Management in Bangkok by Mott MacDonald. Integrating the rainfall forecasting system, flood models and machine learning, near real-time flood predictions are provided through Mott MacDonald’s digital twin platform, Moata.

The DSS will enable city authorities to see the unseen with real-time insights from the rainfall and flood forecasting, act with conviction by shifting flood response from reactive to proactive and ultimately impact progress for their short, medium and long-term operations and planning for flood risk management.

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Quick Take:

  • Decision Support systems for flood management can include rainfall and flood forecasting and warning systems, reservoir operational systems, sediment modelling, water resources planning and flood models.

Authors:

Dr Suresh Babu is a Founder & Director at Kalingu Consultancy, Singapore. He has worked as an international independent consultant for numerous IFI projects such as World Bank, ADB, and CTCN projects on water resources, flood risk mitigation, water-groundwater modelling, climate adaptation, water sensitive urban design and Decision Support Systems. He has international experience of more than 20 years within the APAC region (Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines, Brunei, Vietnam, India, Nepal, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia, Cambodia, Myanmar and other regions like the Middle East). He also serves as an adjunct lecturer at the University of Newcastle, Australia.


Ismail Weiliang is a climate resilience consultant with over half a decade of experience and specialises in flood risk advisory for Asia. His work involves advising governments and development banks on strategies to transform climate risks into resilience. He also founded “The Climatebender” a non-profit organisation that provides humanitarian relief to communities vulnerable to the climate crisis.

Reference

  • Journal of Hydrology, 2016. Assessment of changes in riverine nitrate in the Sesan, Srepok and Sekong tributaries of the Lower Mekong River Basin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.07.004
  • AIRBM, 2016. Decision Support System and Ayeyarwaddy River Basin Master Plan. https://www.airbm.org/decision-support-system-and-ayeyarwaddy-river-basin-master-plan/

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